VIDEO SUMMARY
IL
DIOLOGO
Copernicus didn’t just study planets for the calendar but to find truth
1600: Giordano Bruno burned for heresy for not going against Copernicus’s ideas.
His death spilt no blood
heretics fork in his jaw and chest bone to prevent speech (spreading of ideas)
Catholic Church thought it was the center of the earth, and the voice of God and Bruno disagreed
Galileo wrote the “Dialogue” in 1632 and started a scientific revolution
logic of earth movement on axis around the sun
science vs. religion argument began
heresy in book form
Holy Office of Inquisition: location where Galileo was tried
because of his book and how it spread bad ideas
it was in Italian and theatrical
went against Aristotle so people thought it to be wrong
Pigeon League: group that supported Aristotle
Arcetre: last home of Galileo
priests visited him there while he was cutting trees and asked why he was doing
it himself, he responded you get “more pleasure to do than to have done by
others.”
Galileo invented physics, science of motion
1564 Galileo was born
made nature into forces and laws
he saw coherence in objects
created a power 10 telescope and defined science
some thought it was black magic
found out that the moon was rocky not smooth
saw a coherent solar system and noticed that the planets carry their own moon
became a true Copernican
said that sun was at the center of the universe
against ecclesiastical geography (hell, earth, heaven)
the church felt that he was a threat
he made two major mistakes:
moved from
he was too fascinated with the tides to prove Copernicus’s point
he was brought up by the inquisition
1616: Belarmine was personification of Church’s dilemma of the changing scientific
world and whether or not to change with the times
literal word of God vs. Galileo’s ideas
Feb 1616: Galileo is warned to stop teaching Copernicus’ ideas
May 1616: It was illegal to “hold or defend” those anti-church ideas
“or teach” was thought to be added to that law but could have been a forgery,
Galileo never heard this final add-on to the rule
he was the first to change point of view for a better perspective
[Il Diologo, Continued]
The full name of the book by Galileo was The Dialogue
Concerning The Two Chief World Systems
the two systems were: Heliocentric and Geocentric
he wrote it in play form to try to get away with questionable ideas like Plato did
with his plays BUT Galileo gave the characters their voices while Plato was
speaking for Socrates
the idea didn’t benefit Galileo and he was put on trial
New Pope and Galileo disagreed about the last scene of the “dialogue”
the book was forbidden by the church, which made people want it more
Galileo intended to save the church from taking positions and letting science
grow
The tides was the subject on which the church and Galileo deviated
thus making him disagree with one of the most prominent ideas of the church,
that God is all powerful and everything is controlled (like the tides)
Galileo thought that the tides had no order and sloshed around when the Earth
moved (he was wrong)
Galileo was tried at the inquisition
secret trial lasted months
because he challenged the heavens and God’s role in his book
Belarmine (running trial) said that Coprenacus (where many of Galileo’s ideas
came from) was questionable and could not stand up to the holy scriptures
guilty until proven innocent
the “in any way” that was questionably added to the document found in the
downfall
he was found guilty
not tortured -- house arrest
public humiliation – public rejection of his ideas
he was 70 years old
1642 Galileo died and on Christmas of the same year Isaac Newton was born
Current event tie in:
The space ship Galileo found traces of life on Europa, the moon of Jupiter, which Galileo himself first saw with his
10 power telescope. The “dialogue” continues . . . Irony?